A Comprehensive Analysis into the Hawthorne StudiesThis essay will analyze the publication “Hawthorne, the myth of the docile worker, and class prejudice in psychology”, an article by Bramel and Friend (1981) . It will then go on to further criticize six other academic articles that support or disagree with the main publication and demonstrate how the Hawthorne studies have influenced my perception of contemporary management functions and the employer-employee relationship. The Hawthorne studies conducted at the Western Electric Company Works has attracted considerable critical scrutiny as it has been interpreted in both favorable and contradictory ways. Dugald Jackson, head of electrical engineering at MIT, conducted a series of experiments included in the Hawthorne studies called the "Lighting Experiments," altering the intensity of light to examine its effect on worker productivity. In 1927 a Harvard research team was invited to assist after tests produced unexpected data. These studies have shown that both psychological and social factors are responsible for workers' overall productivity and job satisfaction. Many psychologists and critics attack the research procedures and criticize the data analysis and conclusions. Bramel and Friend are an excellent example of critics who consider these studies unworthy of receiving recognition and recognition. The article "Shining New Light on the Hawthorne Illumination Experiments" written by Izawa, French, and Hedge (2011) also supports Bramel and Friend's conclusions. They go on to explain how “Previous reports of lighting experiments are full of inconsistencies because they relied on secondary sources,” (Izawa et al.,...... half of the paper...... nce for a particular style of supervision Dutton (1971) goes on to conclude that the enduring significance of this body of research and the theories surrounding it lies only in its simple ability to place financial incentives in a social context texts that support or disagree with it have changed my perception of contemporary management functions and the employer-employee relationship and how this relates to the Hawthorne studies Critics and supporters of the theory have equally valid points inconsistencies…” (Izawa et al., 2011) and “Improved performance…” (Sonnenfeld, 2001) My opinion is that the Hawthorne experiments helped shape contemporary management and effectively established the importance of a work environment. social in relation to productivity..