In China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia, Peter Perdue provides a detailed account of the history of Central Eurasia from the end of the Yuen Dynasty to the conquest and conquest of successful incorporation of modern central Eurasia into China by the early Qing emperors, as well as the implications and legacies this conquest will have in the future. This book is written in five parts in loosely chronological order, each with a distinct theme. The first part, “The Formation of Eurasian States,” introduces the three major powers of Central Eurasia, China, Russia, and the Zunghar State. Perdue describes central Eurasia as a “limitless” land stretching from the “Ukrainian steppes in the west to the Pacific coast in the east, from the southern edge of the Siberian forests to the Tibetan plateau” populated by nomadic tribes who had no clear national boundaries defined. Historical sources regarding Central Asian populations in Central Eurasia are alarming due to the lack of writing skills in the vast majority of the nomadic population. Writers from the “civilized” world like China have described these people as exclusively nomadic and “universally greedy, primitive, and poor.” Despite the lack of historical documents in the area, the area has historically played an important role in connecting Eastern and Western civilizations, which played an important role in global trade until the 16th century. Although the steppe nomads of central Eurasia have long been accused of constant raids against "civilized" settlements such as in northwestern parts of China, Sechin Jagchid argues that peace would have been possible if the nomads' needs had been met by the trade, so that the nomads did not have to take supplies by force in order... middle of paper... significant account of the struggle for vast areas of land in central Eurasia between China, Russia and the state of Zhunghar from 17th century from the formation of the three states to the eventual domination of Eurasia by Russia and China and the elimination of the Zunghar as a people. Throughout the book, Perdue argued convincingly against the traditional Chinese belief that a "heavenly will" determined the inevitable fate of central Eurasia; instead, it was the few "contingent conjunctures" such as Li Zicheng's rebellion that allowed the Manchus to also conquer China. such as Qianlong's unprecedented decision to exterminate the Zunghar which ended the thousand-year struggle against the nomadic invasion from the north. This book enlightens the reader by demonstrating the number of “conjunctures” in history that make up the geopolitical landscape of modern Central Eurasia.