India is the world's seventh largest country by geographic area located in South Asia. Furthermore, India is the second most populous country and the second country that receives the most frequent rainfall. So why does India suffer from water scarcity? Unfortunately, there is an ecological imbalance on a global scale. India is one of eight countries that are seriously facing a sharp increase in water crisis that threatens humans, while a huge percentage of the world's population lacks access to sanitation and clean water. The average person needs only 20 to 30 liters of water, while every Indian uses a large amount of water per day for purposes other than intended. Furthermore, overpopulation and pollution have also been a cause of water poverty in India. Therefore, children under five years of age constitute 75% of the 37.7 million people affected by waterborne diseases (Khurana 2008). The aim of this project was to create three possible solutions and finally the most effective solution is recommended. Therefore, several ways to address the problem of water scarcity in India include rainwater harvesting, watershed management and interconnecting rivers. Rainwater harvesting is one of the possible solutions to avoid the water crisis. In India, water harvesting is one of the old methods of storing priceless raindrops instead of letting them run away. Experts in the area say that the collected rainwater can be used immediately or can be directly poured into the ground. For example, approximately 366,000 liters of water is collected every year from the CSE office buildings in Tughlaqabad Institutional Area (Bansil 2004 p.372). According to Bansil (2004): “And also the short period of rain on 12 May 2002 which was only 8.5 mm. it was enough to provide drinking water for six days for the 110 CSE staff members” (p.372). Additionally, rooftop water harvesting is one of the most effective ways to collect rainwater. Rooftop water harvesting allows people to save water for drinking purposes for up to 4-5 months (Bansil 2004 p 381). The government of Rajasthan, one of the state governments of India, has made a mandatory provision for rooftop collection (Bansil 2004 p.386). However, the water used for collection is full of substances that cause health problems.
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