Stillman Drake, the author of Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, describes Galileo's opposition as “... professors who considered the new method an offense to philosophy and from priests who they believed the new criterion of truth was hostile to religion." Drake is correct that the opposition advanced by Galileo's accusers was considered an offense to philosophy, but Galileo's opposition focused primarily on the need to control unbridled spirits regarding judgment and the interpretation of sacred scripture; furthermore, the opposition and defense of Galileo also had undeniable scientific and epistemological aspects. I further argue that Galileo in return created an argument centered on his belief that scientific discovery should not be held under the jurisdiction of the Catholic church, that the core of Galileo's argument revolves around his belief that the components of a new "method scientific" and the new criterion of truth should not be kept under the control of the church. During a period of Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church convened the Council of Trent (1545-1563) to maintain orthodoxy among the people. Catholics mainly focused on traditional and appropriate individuals of the church to interpret the holy scriptures, while the Protestant Reformation preached individual pluralistic interpretation, thus threatening the Catholic church and causing it to become extremely sensitive. (12) In the year 1954, the council decreed that «...no one, relying on his own judgment, will be able, in questions of faith and morals pertaining to the building of Christian doctrine, to deform the Holy Scriptures according to his own conceptions, to presume interpret them contrary to that sense to which the holy mother Coira...... middle of the sheet ......the response of Ingoli (1624), eight years after the verdict of the Inquisition, remained devoted in the belief that the discovery science should not be under the jurisdiction of the Catholic church as he courageously declared to Ingoli that "...I must tell you that in natural phenomena human authority has no value". (178)Throughout his defense Galileo argued that natural phenomena and scientific discoveries should not be under the jurisdiction of the Church. Galileo's magnificent discovery gave rise to the eternal dispute between religion and nature, to the new criterion of truth, to the new scientific method, to scientific independence and, finally, to the foundation of the inalienable natural rights of man. By defending his beliefs, Galileo was able to convey his message through science, religion and philosophy and ultimately paved the way for future scientists and moral philosophers.