Laterality is defined as the superiority of the function of one side of the body over the other with regards to sensory reception and motor output (Fisher et al., 1991 : 176). When talking about laterality, it is important to discuss lateralization as the two terms are related. Lateralization refers to the process by which each hemisphere specializes in a specific function. Well-established laterality is believed to be a good indicator of lateralization (hemisphere specialization) (Krans, 2006:161). Theoretically, each hemisphere has specific patterns of thought and behavior associated with it. For example, in a right-handed person, the left hemisphere is more specialized in directing and controlling fine motor skills such as writing and cutting (Ayres, 2005:34). Language is also typically lateralized to the left hemisphere in most right-handed individuals. The right hemisphere, on the other hand, is better at processing non-verbal language. Both hemispheres also play an important role in reading and mathematical skills (Murray, 1991:178-183). A particular function may be strongly lateralized in one hemisphere, meaning that that hemisphere predominantly controls that function; or it may be weakly lateralized, suggesting more shared hemispheric control (Fisher et al., 1991:176). Lateral or hand dominance refers to the consistent and more skillful use of the preferred hand, compared to the non-preferred hand, in functional and skilled tasks (Krans, 2006:161). Previous literature assessed laterality in terms of handedness as well as eye and foot preference, and it was assumed that eye, hand, and foot preferences should all be consistent. However, recent research suggests that the correlation between handedness and… the center of the paper…, hands and feet, as well as poorly coordinated bilateral asymmetric movements (Van Jaarsveld, 2011:10). As previously discussed, Kianah had more difficulty performing bilateral TFT and DDK movements compared to unilateral movements (refer to the Proprioceptive System). She also relied on her vision to assist her in planning and sequencing each rep. Functionally, when repeatedly bouncing a 43 cm ball with both hands (score 3), Kianah struggled to coordinate her two hands together and her left and right hands did not move symmetrically. He managed to bounce the ball only four times before losing control of it. She performed best bouncing the ball with one hand and alternating hands; however, he still only hit a four as he did not have good ball control. His teacher also reports that he has difficulty with rhythmic handclapping games in class.
tags