Topic > Agricultural waste

Agricultural waste produced as a result of various agricultural operations. Includes manure and other waste from farms, chicken coops and slaughterhouses; collect waste; fertilizers from the fields. Cow dung waste with high moisture content and its easily biodegradable nature is causing serious environmental problems due to improper waste management practices. Therefore energy production methods such as composting or biogas production could be considered the best alternative for treating these organic wastes. Baler sludge is another agricultural waste generated in Pakistan. Huge quantities of sugar cane by-products are being generated, much of this material is not being used productively and is a burden on the environment. These byproducts had great potential when mixed into agricultural lands as an organic fertilizer with many benefits that can improve soil health and sustainable agronomic productivity. Therefore, a study on composting of cow dung and baling sludge will be conducted using escapes and bacteria that effectively degrade strains isolated from cow dung in different treatments using pile composting method. Other important factors affecting the rate of composting will be managed by controlling parameters such as Ph, moisture content, C/N ratio, aeration and temperature throughout the process. To obtain good quality compost in a relatively limited time, an adequate C/N ratio of raw materials is required and, therefore, a right combination of raw materials would be mixed to prepare a perfect recipe for composting. To maintain the moisture content and proper C/N ratio of a compost pile, cow dung and pressed mud in an appropriate ratio would be used. It is known that microbial enzymes are superior enzymes In this study several aerobic bacteria and fungi capable of hydrolyzing starch, cellulose The pectic substance and lignin present in the cell wall of the plant will be isolated. These bacteria and fungi produce enzymes such as mercatose, pectinase, lignase and amylase, which are known to play a vital role in the degradation of plant biomass. After screening, enzymatic testing will be performed to verify the degrading capacity of the selected enzyme. A more efficient strain that produces a large hydrolysis zone will be selected during screening to perform further optimization parameters such as optimum temperature, pH, carbon effect, nitrogen source and effect of other agricultural wastes. An optimized strain will be selected to introduce into the compost pile for a rapid composting method. The compost pile with an alternating layer of cow dung and pressed mud would be composted using individually and consortium selected efficient isolates in different treatments. After the compost matures, it would be applied in the fields in different treatments with other fertilizers to test the effectiveness of the compost by measuring nutrient availability and plant growth efficiency.