The deadliest executioner in the totality of human experiences will probably not be firearms or bombs, cancer or bumpers. It's an annoying insect that most of us don't think about: the mosquito. Mosquitoes are probably the most dangerous animals on earth. They transmit infections, microorganisms and parasites, which they transmit through bites, infecting approximately 700 million individuals and killing more than 1 million each year. With travel, migration, and environmental changes around the world, these infections are no longer limited to tropical and subtropical growing countries. Currently, control of these diseases is mostly limited to broad-spectrum insecticidal sprays, which can harm both humans and non-target animals and insects. Consider the possibility that there was an approach to controlling these baffling diseases without the ecological problems associated with unlimited use of insecticides. Genetically modifying mosquitoes to prevent disease may seem like science fiction, but in recent years technology has advanced to the point that this is no longer a scenario relegated to late-night movies. In fact, it's not even a new idea; Scientists were talking about modifying insect populations to control disease as early as the 1940s. Today, genetically modified (GM) mosquitoes, developed over the past decades of research in university laboratories, are used to combat mosquito-borne pathogens. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Mosquito-borne diseases are those spread by the bite of an infected mosquito. Major diseases transmitted to people by mosquitoes include Zika virus, West Nile virus, Chikungunya virus, dengue and malaria. The Zika virus for most people, the symptoms of this virus are mild: only fever, rash, joint pain and red eyes. The real threat may be to pregnant women and their babies. It is linked to a birth defect called microcephaly, which causes small heads and brain damage. Mosquitoes spread this disease in many parts of the world, including Brazil and other countries in South and Central America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia. The dengue virus is rare in the United States, but appears in major tourist locations, such as Puerto Rico, the Pacific Islands, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. When you get it, you may have problems such as rashes, fever, migraines, simple bruises, and bleeding gums. It sometimes causes hemorrhagic fever, which can be fatal. The only vaccine approved by the FDA is intended for use in children ages 9 to 16 who have previously been contaminated with one of the four dengue infections to help prevent the disease from returning from one of the other viruses. West Nile virus. If you are bitten by a mosquito that transmits this infection, you will most likely not have any side effects. Some people, however, develop fever, joint pain, diarrhea, vomiting, or a rash. You need to watch out for uncommon complications, similar to brain infections called encephalitis or meningitis. There is no vaccination for the disease, which appears in every state except Alaska and Hawaii. Chikungunya, the name comes from an African language and alludes to the hunched appearance that individuals may have in light of severe joint pain. You may also have rashes, headaches, nausea, and tiredness. The infection is found in Asia and India, and has begun to spread to Europe and America. There is no cure, yet manypeople heal. In some cases, symptoms can last months or years. Malaria rarely occurs in the United States, yet nearly a large portion of the total population lives at risk of contracting this disease. Most cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa, but transmission also occurs in South America, South Asia, and numerous other regions. Symptoms include fever, headache, chills, and vomiting. If you travel to a country where it poses a problem, rest under an insecticide-treated net and take antimalarial drugs. Yellow fever, La Crosse encephalitis, Rift Valley fever, Jamestown canyon virus, snowshoe hare virus are some of the different diseases spread by mosquitoes. The big question is, “Should we completely eradicate mosquitoes?” There is certainly a moral argument to be made that they devastate human populations and we should try to eradicate the diseases. Biologically there is an argument one way, but morally there is an argument the other way. This is something that scientists and biologists have thought about. To use the Star Wars analogy, there is a balance in the Force. And when there's a disturbance in the Force, things go wrong. Breaking that balance by meddling with natural selection to eliminate all mosquitoes is not what anyone is promoting, since there are 3,500 species of mosquitoes and very few transmit disease, perhaps eradication of those that transmit disease is extreme. However, many scientists are researching ways in which they can alter mosquitoes' DNA, making them unable to transmit diseases, but without harming the mosquitoes themselves. Mosquito control will be divided into two areas of responsibility: individual and public. Mosquito control is divided into two areas of responsibility: individual and public. most frequently it is carried out following the concept of integrated mosquito management (IMM). The IMM is based on ecological, economic and social criteria and integrates multidisciplinary methodologies into pest management strategies that are practical and effective to protect public health and also the environment and improve the standard of living. IMM strategies are employed in conjunction with insecticide. These include source reduction, which involves physical control (digging ditches and ponds within the target swamp) and biological control [placing live mosquitoes (Gambusia) within the ditches and ponds to eat the mosquito larvae] . Other non-chemical control methods include invertebrate predators, parasites and diseases to manage mosquito larvae. Biological control of adult mosquitoes using birds, bats, dragonflies, and frogs has been employed by various agencies. However, the supporting data is anecdotal and there is no documented study indicating that bats, house martins, or other predators consume enough adult mosquitoes to be effective control agents. Pesticides are also applied to control larvae (larvicides) or adults (adulticides). Adulticide or larvicide applications are made after the presence of mosquitoes has been demonstrated through surveillance procedures. The application is made up of prescribed standards. All insecticides must include the name and quantity of active ingredient (AI) on the label; examples are DEET and pyrethroids. No pesticide is 100% safe and care should be taken when using any pesticide. Larvae Control An effective way to control mosquitoes is to seek out and eliminate their larval habitat. Eliminating large larval development sites (source reduction) such as swamps or slow-moving streams or ditches may require a community-wide effort. this is often a task of your organized control programmosquitoes. they could impound a region of water, establish ditches or canals, or control aquatic weeds (cattails, Pistia stratiotes, etc.) on a body of water. The second method used by organized mosquito control agencies is larvicide. This uses the application of insecticides aimed at immature mosquitoes: the larvae or pupae. Adult control, there are two kinds of ways, mosquito traps and space sprays. Insect electrocution (zappers) and mosquito catching devices are 20th century control measures. Manufacturers have modernized 19th-century mosquito-catching devices, such as the New Jersey light trap, by adding more "bells and whistles" to increase their appeal to the general public. Insect light traps with electricity are widely marketed in recent years claiming that they will provide relief from mosquito bites and other pests in your garden. Mosquitoes are killed inside the house using a flight gun. Home aerosol sprays for rooms containing synergized pyrethrum or synthetic pyrethroids (allethrin, resmethrin, etc.) are now available. The main advantage of space treatment is the immediate abatement, rapid application and the relatively small amount of materials required for treatment. Space sprays are better indoors. Outdoors, insecticide particles disperse quickly and should not kill many mosquitoes. the most important disadvantage of space spraying is that it will not handle insects for long periods of time. GM mosquitoes are useful in decreasing mosquito populations and decreasing the spread of diseases. There are two general ways to deal with genetically modified mosquitoes: modifying the reproductive capacity of male mosquitoes so that they cannot produce offspring, altering both male and female mosquitoes so that they are impervious to diseases or incapable of transmitting them to other species. The first approach to the genetically modified mosquito has been achieved through field trials in parts of Brazil, the Cayman Islands and Malaysia. These male mosquitoes mate with a female, exchanging a mutation that causes the larvae to die unless they are given an antibiotic. These studies have been shown to reduce mosquito populations by 80 to 95 percent, reducing cases of dandy fever by 91 percent. The genetic approach to making insects sterile or resistant to disease is based on the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). SIT was developed in the 1930s as the simplest way to reduce insect populations. The technique renders male insects sterile by exposing them to extremely high levels of radiation, before releasing them to mate with females. The technique has been highly successful, eradicating several species of parasites such as the worm in the 1950s and reducing populations of the Gelechia gossypiella moth in California since 1967. Gene editing could drive a species of mosquito carrying the disease to extinction. malaria. These new findings come from a small-scale laboratory study. Researchers used a biotechnological tool to create changes in the species called Anopheles gambiae. As a result, mosquitoes stopped producing offspring within 8 to 12 generations. The researchers changed the mosquitoes' genes with a gene drive. Gene drives use molecular “scissors” known as CRISPRCas9 to repeat and paste themselves into an organism's DNA at precise locations. They are designed to disrupt the foundations of inheritance. they will quickly spread a genetic change to one or all of their offspring. The new gene drive disrupts a mosquito gene called double sex. Female mosquitoes inheriting two]