Harry Burkhart's childhood in Chechnya, which falls into the level 5 chaos category, explains his criminal behavior resulting from social learning and situational factors. In such a society “maximum moral and legal ambiguity and maximum violence exist” (Boyanowsky 2013, p.83). Along with his delinquent mother, it is very likely that he lacked superego development which may have led him to “sublimate the (criminal) instinctual impulses of the id…” (Boyanowsky 2013, p.47). According to Blackburn (1993), it is the concept of displacement in which feelings such as anger find expression in unrelated objects; Thus, lacking the moral development that led to a destructive series of arsons against the property of innocent people. In the case of Robert Pickton, the normal development of the superego was certainly compromised by abuse by members of his family. Not only did he lack a true father figure, but his controlling mother made this a fact through the horrific cover-up of a crime scene involving the guiltless murder of an innocent boy. In Kohlberg's theory of moral development it can be shown that Pickton's development must have stopped at the preconventional level; in the first phase, where “the subject's logic is based on fear of punishment as it might be in classical conditioning…” (Boyanowsky 2013, p.60), Pickton's slaughter of other animals after the death of his pet calf he was never punished, which prevented him from developing morality; eventually, Pickton commits a series of ruthless murders. Vincent Li's crime can be explained through the mental illness he possessed at the time of his murder. According to Boyanowsky (2013), paranoid schizophrenia is a “mental illness associated predominantly with aggressive behavior and violent crimes but… middle of paper… environmental crimes can lead to massive disasters in which humanity may not be able to recover. To resolve the Ecocrime paradox, the first step should be to increase people's awareness of crimes against the environment. In a democratic system it could be feasible; however, in other authoritarian governments, it can be very difficult unless powerful figures within their system are aware of the long-term consequences of environmental crimes and act accordingly. Thus eliminating any resistance against In our modern democratic society, this problem is also important because "[it] is not that there are no laws against pollution, it's just that there is often no will to enforce them". (Boyanowsky 2012, p.52). Reference Blackburn, R. 1993, The Psychology of Criminal Conduct, John Wiley & Sons, Liverpool.
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