INTRODUCTIONIn general terms, international migration represents any cross-border movement of people from one country to another as a result of personal, economic and/or political reasons. Personal motivations for migration range from having better educational opportunities to seeking a warm climate for a better standard of living. The economic motivations for international migration, which have gained speed especially since the industrial revolution, center on the search for jobs that offer better wages and working conditions. Political reasons for international migration due to growing instability within nations have increased migration flows since the 20th century, in which humanity witnessed the First and Second World Wars and many other regional clashes. The purpose of this OIC Outlook is to represent the international migration situation in the OIC member countries. The presentation is based on data from the World Development Indicators (WDI) database, the World Bank's “Migration and Remittances Factbook 2008” and statistical extracts from the OECD. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION STOCK In 2005, the total international migration stock (IMS) reached approximately 195 million people compared to 84 million in 1970, an increase of approximately 131%. While in 1970 the OIC member countries together accounted for 19% of the total IMS, in 2005 this share was 23%, equivalent to a growth of 4 percentage points compared to 1970. The OIC's IMS as a proportion the IMS of developing countries recorded growth of 13 percentage points, from almost 35% in 1970 to 48% in 2005. The IMS of developing countries and that of developed countries compared to the IMS total was 54% and 46% respectively in 1970 versus 48% and 52% in 2005. While the IMS of developing countries in the total IMS decreased by 6%… half of the paper. .....h Africa, Europe and Central Asia and South Asia decrease by 6.14, 2.95 and 0.94 percentage points respectively; the increase in the ratio of East Asia-Pacific OIC member countries as a group was 1.12 percentage points from 1995 to 2005 (Figure 9). Figure 9: Refugee population by country/territory of asylum as a percentage of international migration flow into OIC member countries by geographic regions, 1995 versus 2005 Source: World Bank, WDI OnlineWorks Cited1. World Bank, World Development Indicators Database, http://ddp-ext.worldbank.org/ext/DDPQQ/member.do?method=getMembers&userid=1&queryId=62. Migration and Remittances Factbook 2008, World Bank, 20083. OECD, OECD.Stats Extracts, http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx4. UNHCR, http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49c3646c125.html5. http://actrav.itcilo.org/actrav-english/telearn/global/ilo/seura/migworld.htm
tags